Mahmud Bayazidi
Born in 1797
Agirî , Bazîd
Died 1863 (Age 66)
Erzirom
nationality Kurd
Profession Kurdologist, Writer, Historian, Linguist, Storyteller, Translator
The 19th century
Effective Sharefkhan Bedlisi, Ahmed Khani, Mella Batei, Ali Teremaxi , Mella Khalil Serti and Qanat Kurdo
religion unknown
Mahmud Bayazidi (Kurdish: Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî, romanized: Mehmûdê Bazîdî, 1797 Doğubeyazıt – 1859 Erzurum), was a Kurdish philosopher and polymath from North Kurdistan.
Early life
He started his studies by reading the religious texts, and then learning common languages of the time.when he returned to his hometown, he worked as a teacher. After the fall of Kurdish emirates in Bayazid, he moved to Erzurum.He has gone through war, economic and political difficulties in his life. Many aspects of his life are unclear.He was among the first Kurdish writers and researchers who wrote his works in Kurdish.
Works
M.Bazidi is one of the most prolific Kurdish scholars and intellectuals of the 19th century. But as much as his prolific works are available on various topics related to history, customs and traditions, stories, translations and many other aspects of his nation, he is less known among his nation.the list of his works is not complete here.
In 1856, the Russian academic A. Dorne, asked A.D. Jaba, the newly appointed Russian consulate in Erzurum, for assistance in analyzing documents in the Kurdish language. Jaba, in turn, employed Mahmud Bayazidi in the field of Kurdish language, history and Culture. With the assistance of Bayazidi, a number of Kurdish documents were sent to the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg, including some of Bayazidi's own writings. In 1858-1859, Bayazidi, edited the Kurdish grammar book by Ali Taramokhi (Kurdish writer of 15-16th century). He also wrote a book containing 3,000 phrases in Kurdish, which shed light on the life of Kurds in the 19th century. This book was translated into French by A.D. Jaba in 1880. Bayazidi, wrote another book called Habits and Customs of Kurds, which has been published in 1963 by the famous Russian Kurdologist Margarita Rudenko. From the correspondences of A.D. Jaba with Saint Petersburg, it is evident that Bayazidi had written a book about the modern history of the Kurds, covering the period 1785-1858, although this book appears to have been lost, except for the French translation of its preface. Bayazidi and Jaba also played an instrumental role in preserving old Kurdish literature by collecting more than 50 volumes of old hand written Kurdish classic texts and sending them to the Library of Saint Petersburg. These texts which have been preserved until now, include the epics of well known classical poets such as Faqi Tayran, Malaye Bate, Malaye Jaziri and Mem û Zîn (Mam and Zin) by Ahmad Khani. This collection was finally published in 1961 by M.B. Rudenko, titled About the hand-written Kurdish texts in Leningrad.
Cami'eyê Risaleyan û Hikayetan(A collection of several articles and stories).
Bazidi wrote this independent work with his signature as a different work among his other works.
The stories in this collection are not like the stories we know. All of them are based on real daily documents that have been prevalent among the people of Kurdistan. Bazidi wrote it in a popular version and turned it into a story and presented it beautifully and eloquently. The names of people, villages, places and even the relevant dates in it are all according to their time. Each of them is based on an experience or an event.
During the period 1858-1859, Mahmud Bayazidi and A.D. Jaba, wrote the first Kurdish-French and French-Kurdish dictionary, published in 1879. During the same period, Mahmud Bayazidi, translated the Sharafnama (history of the Kurdish nation) into Kurdish. This is considered to be the first Kurdish history book in modern times. Its hand-written version is preserved in the Russian National Library. It was published for the first time in 1986.
Published books
Bayazidi, Mahmud, Mem û Zîn (Mem and Zin), an abstract of Ahmad Khani's poem, Kurmanji version with French translation by Alexandre Jaba, introduced by Hakem, Helkewt, Debireh, no 5, Paris, 1989.
Bayazidi, Mela Mahmud, 'Adat u rasumatname-ye Akradiye, ("Habits and customs of Kurds"), original manuscript (Kurmandjî in Ottoman characters), published by M. B. Rudenko, with an introduction and Russian translation : Nravy i Obycaj Kurdov, Moscow, 1963.
Mela Mahmud Bayazidi, Tawarikh-i Qadim-i Kurdistan ; perevod Saraf-Khana Bidlisi s persidskogo âzyka na kurdskij âzyk ; izdanie teksta, predislovie, ukazateli i oglavlenie K. K. Kurdoeva i Z. S. Musaélân Megjelenés: Moskva : Nauka, 1986. (Kurdish translation of Sharafnama by Sharaf al-Din Khan Bidlisi)
A summary of Bayezidi's works (this part of the text and dialect of Kurmanji).
Ferhenga Kurdî-Rûsî-Fransizî û Rûsî-Fransizî-Kurdî
Ferhenga Kurdî-Fransiwî (Dictionnaire Kurde Francais)
Ferhenga Kurdî ya bi Diyalekta Hekarî-Rewendî - Frensî
Tewarîxî cedîdî Kurdistan
Adat û Rusûmetnameê Ekradiye
Cami’eya Rîsaleyan û Hîkayetan
Risaleyekê di Behsa Şaîr û Musenefên di Kurdîstanê
Risaleyekê di Behsa Be'dê Eşayir û Qebayil û Taîfeyê di Kurdîstanê
Muqedîma Ilmê Serfê û Tealîmeyê bi Zimanî Kurmancî
Ism û Navên Kurmanciyan ku Temam û Bêkemasî Dibêjin
Ism û Navê Jinê Kurmanciyan ku Temam û Bêkemasî Dibêjin
Tuhfetul-Xîlan Fî Zimanê Kurdan
Wergera Şerefnameya Mîr Şerefxanê Bidlîsî A Mela Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Mem û Zîn A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Yusif û Zuleyxayê A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Çîroka Sêxê Senan A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Destana Kela Dimdimê A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Leyla û Mecnûn A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Bersîsê Abid A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Qewlê Hespê Reş A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
Zembîlfiroş A Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî
ve Wergerên wî
References
Mela Mehmûdê Bazîdî, Classical Kurdish Literature (in Kurdish)
Modern Kurdish Artistic Prose, By: Farhad Shakely, Uppsala university, Sweden
J. Musaelian. On the First Kurdish Edition of the Sharaf nama by Mullâ (Mela) Mahmud Bayazidi, International Journal for Oriental Manuscript Research, Vol.5, No. 4 December 1999.
J. S. Musaelyan. Mela Mahmud Bayazidi and His First Translation of Sharaf-name by Sharaf-khan Bidlisi into the Kurdish Language,
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